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All-Dielectric, Non-Electronic Radio-Receiver Front Ends Print E-mail
Air Force Research Laboratory,Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio   
Oct 01 2007

Receivers would be made much less vulnerable to electromagnetic weapons.

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All-dielectric, non-electronic, photonicassisted front ends are being developed as alternatives to traditional metal antennas and the associated metal connections and input electronic circuitry of radio receivers — especially microwave receivers. The main motivation for this development is the need to make radio receivers much less vulnerable to electromagnetic weapons.

An electromagnetic weapon produces an electric power surge capable of destroying or damaging sensitive electronic circuitry. The trend toward reduced feature size and reduced voltage renders modern electronic circuitry increasingly susceptible to such damage. Radio communication systems are particularly vulnerable because antennas and other traditional front-end parts serve as direct ports of entry for undesired radio-frequency (RF) electromagnetic radiation. In equipping a receiver with a non-electronic, alldielectric front end, one would eliminate the traditional metal antenna and the associated metal interconnections and input electronic circuitry, thereby eliminating the main traditional points of electromagnetic vulnerability.

Image
An Incident Radio Wave excites a desired resonance in a dielectric resonator antenna. The resonance-enhanced field acts via the electro-optical effect to modulate an optical carrier signal. The RF modulation in the photodetector output is a replica of the incident radio signal.
From one perspective, a front end of the type now being developed can be characterized as a combination of a dielectric antenna that incorporates an electro-optical RF-field sensor (see figure). The dielectric antenna is a leaky RF resonator. Most of the RF resonator is made of a material that exhibits low RF loss and high relative permittivity. A small part of the RF resonator consists of a microdisk optical resonator made of an electro-optical material. A desired incident radio signal in the form of a free-space electromagnetic field excites a resonance mode of the antenna, resulting in a desired buildup of the electric field inside the antenna. The design of the antenna provides for placement of the electro-optical microdisk at the location of maximum enhancement of the resonant- frequency electric field.



 

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